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2009-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001284B-page 1
AN1284
INTRODUCTION
Developing wireless applications can be challenging.
Apart from Radio Frequency (RF) circuit designs, the
firmware development process may require the devel-
opers to understand the details of RF transceivers, as
well as the different wireless communication protocols.
Microchip has developed a way to handle the complex
RF hardware or communication protocol stack software
development, or both, which enables wireless applica-
tion developers to focus on their own application devel-
opment. This type of wireless communication is
achieved through a concise, yet powerful communica-
tion programming interface in the application layer
called MiApp which is defined in this application note.
The MiApp specification defines the programming
interfaces between the application layer and Microchip
proprietary wireless communication protocols. The
MiApp programming interface is implemented in two
ways: as configuration parameters defined in the con-
figuration file, and as a set of function calls to the Micro-
chip proprietary wireless communication protocols.
Complying with the MiApp specification defined in this
application note, applications can use any Microchip
proprietary wireless protocols. With little or no modifica-
tion in the application layer, software development can
be easily changed between a proprietary P2P/Star
topology connection protocol to a full Mesh proprietary
networking protocol for small or big networks, depend-
ing on the application needs.
FIGURE 1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MICROCHIP WIRELESS MiWi™ STACK
Authors: Yifeng Yang
Pradeep Shamanna
Derrick Lattibeaudiere
Vivek Anchalia
Microchip Technology Inc.
User Application
MiApp
Interchangeable Wireless Communication Protocols
MiWi™ P2P/Star
MiWi™ Mesh
Future Microchip Proprietary
Wireless Protocols ...
MiMAC
Interchangeable RF Transceivers
MRF24J40 Transceiver
MRF89XA Transceiver
Future Microchip RF
Transceivers ...
Application
Configuration
Protocol Configuration
RF Transceiver
Configuration
Microchip Wireless MiWi™ Application
Programming Interface – MiApp
AN1284
DS00001284B-page 2 2009-2017 Microchip Technology Inc.
The MiApp specification benefits wireless application
developers in multiple ways:
• Wireless application development focuses on its
application. Complex RF or protocol consider-
ations are transparently handled by the MiApp
programming interface.
• The MiApp specification allows maximum flexibil-
ity to choose a wireless protocol at any stage of
application software development with little effort,
thus greatly lowering the risk of software develop-
ment. Application requirement changes in net-
working capabilities have little or no impact in
application development.
• MiApp uses the same control interface for
Microchip wireless proprietary protocols. Once
you are familiar with MiApp, you can apply that
knowledge to the development of another applica-
tion even if it has a completely different network-
ing capability requirement.
• By communicating to the Microchip proprietary
protocols, MiApp indirectly talks to the Microchip
RF transceivers through the MiMAC interface. As
a result, MiApp indirectly enables the wireless
application developers to switch between
Microchip RF transceivers through MiMAC. This
flexibility, in turn, further reduces the development
risk of the wireless application project.
FEATURES
The MiApp programming interface has the following
features:
• Easy to learn and use
• Powerful interface to meet most requirements
from wireless applications
• Little or no extra effort to migrate the wireless
application between Microchip proprietary
wireless protocols
• Minimum footprint impact
CONSIDERATIONS
The MiApp specification is designed to support Micro-
chip proprietary wireless communication protocols.
Once a wireless application is implemented by the
MiApp programming interface, the Microchip RF trans-
ceivers are also supported through standardization in
MiMAC, the module defined in the Media Access Con-
troller (MAC) layer.
MiMAC standardizes the interface between Microchip
wireless protocols and Microchip RF transceivers.
MiMAC makes Microchip RF transceivers interchange-
able with little or no change in the software application
code. For more information on MiMAC, refer to the
Application Note “AN1283 Microchip Wireless MiWi™
Media Access Controller - MiMAC” (DS00001283).
MiMAC regulates the lower interface of the Microchip
proprietary wireless protocols, while MiApp regulates
the higher interface of the Microchip proprietary wire-
less protocols. Working together, both MiMAC and
MiApp provide wireless application developers the
maximum flexibility to choose the RF transceivers and
wireless communication protocols at any stage of soft-
ware development, thus further minimizing the risk of
software development.The block diagram in Figure 1
shows the Microchip Wireless MiWi™ stack offerings.
There are three layers of configurations for application,
protocol stacks and RF transceivers. Application con-
figuration may change between devices in the same
application according to their hardware design, role in
the application and network. Wireless application
developers tend to do the majority of the configuration
in the application layer. Protocol configurations fine-
tune the behavior of the protocol stack. The majority of
protocol stack configurations define the timing and
routing mechanism for the chosen wireless protocol.
Transceiver configurations define the frequency band,
data rate and other RF related features of the RF trans-
ceiver. The default settings for the protocol and RF
transceiver configurations may work with the applica-
tion without any modification. The application configu-
rations, however, usually need to be changed to fit the
needs of different wireless applications.
2009-2017 Microchip Technology Inc. DS00001284B-page 3
AN1284
MiApp OVERVIEW
As discussed earlier, there are two parts defined in the
MiApp specification:
• Configuration parameters defined in the
configuration file
• Signatures of function calls to the Microchip
proprietary wireless protocols
The configuration file contains parameters that must be
set before compilation. Generally, there are two types
of parameters defined in the configuration file:
•Hardware Definitions – these includes MCU
hardware resources, peripherals definition and
the definition for the RF transceiver control pins.
The default hardware definitions are defined in
several Microchip standard demo boards that
support Microchip RF transceivers. In these
cases, the definition of demo boards automatically
introduces all hardware definitions.
•Software Definitions – these definitions control
the code sections to be compiled into the firmware
hex file. The software definitions include selec-
tions of Microchip proprietary wireless protocol,
choice of Microchip RF transceiver, and individual
functionalities. Proper definitions in this category
ensure the minimum firmware footprint with the
intended protocol capabilities.
Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are the
function calls between the Microchip proprietary
wireless communication protocols with the wireless
application. As a rule, the application interface must be
clean, concise, easy to understand, and powerful.
There are five categories of interfaces for the APIs:
• The initialization interface allows wireless applica-
tion developers to properly initialize the selected
Microchip proprietary wireless protocol in the con-
figuration file.
• The handshaking interface allows the wireless
nodes to discover and get connected with their
peers, or to join the network.
• Interfaces to send messages which enable appli-
cation developers to transmit information from the
current node to an intended audience over-the-air.
• Interfaces to receive messages which enable
application developers to receive information
over- the-air from other devices.
• Special functionalities which ensure the optimal
operating condition for wireless nodes through
environment noise control and power saving.
MiApp CONFIGURATION FILE
The hardware definitions depends on the choices of the
Demo/Development boards, the MCUs and the RF
transceivers. The hardware definitions can be divided
into the following subcategories:
• I/Os on the demo board – these includes the push
buttons, LEDs, serial ports, and so on.
• MCU system resources – these includes the
timers, interrupts, and so on.
• Interconnections between MCU and RF
transceiver
Hardware definitions are mainly associated with hard-
ware selections of the wireless application system
design. They depend more on the hardware than the
software and vary across different designs. As a result,
MiApp does not have a set of standards for those
hardware definitions.
Selective compilation configurations select the features
among the list of available ones. Using the selective
compilation, application developers are able to config-
ure Microchip proprietary wireless protocols to perform
the desired functionality with the least possible system
resources. Table 1 describes the possible selective
compilation configurations and its scope, value, and
functionality.

Product specificaties

Merk: Microchip
Categorie: Niet gecategoriseerd
Model: MRF24J40MA

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