Microchip MCP9804 Handleiding


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www.microchip.com
www.microchip.com/analogtools
Analog & Interface Solutions
Fall 2012
Signal Chain Design Guide
Devices For Use With Sensors
Design ideas in this guide use the following devices.
A complete device list and corresponding data sheets for these products can be found at www.microchip.com/analog.
Operational
AmpliïŹers
Instrumentation
AmpliïŹers
Comparators Analog-to-Digital
Converters
Digital
Potentiometers
Digital-to-Analog
Converters
Voltage
References
Temperature
Sensors
MCP6XX
MCP6XXX
MCP6VXX
MCP6HXX
MCP6NXX MCP654X
MCP656X
MCP65R4X
MCP30XX
MCP32XX
MCP33XX
MCP34XX
MCP35XX
MCP39XX
MCP40XX
MCP40D1X
MCP41XX
MCP42XX
MCP43XX
MCP45XX
MCP46XX
MCP41XXX
MCP42XXX
MCP47XX
MCP48XX
MCP49XX
MCP47DA1
MCP47A1
TC132X
MCP1525
MCP1541
MCP98XX
MCP9700/A
MCP9701/A
2Signal Chain Design Guide
Signal Chain Overview
Typical Sensor Signal Chain Control Loop
Digital DomainAnalog Domain
Driver
(MOSFET)
Op Amp DAC/PWM
Actuators
Motors, Valves,
Relays, Switches,
Speakers, Horns,
LEDs
ADC/
V-to-Freq
Amp
Sensors
Filter
Reference
Voltage
MUX
PICÂź MCU
or dsPICÂź
DSC
Indicator
(LCD, LED)
Digital
Potentiometer
Typical sensor applications involve the monitoring of
sensor parameters and controlling of actuators. The
sensor signal chain, as shown below, consists of analog
and digital domains. Typical sensors output very low
amplitude analog signals. These weak analog signals
are amplified and filtered, and converted to digital values
using op amps, analog-to-digital or voltage-to-frequency
converters, and are processed at the MCU. The analog
sensor output typically needs proper signal conditioning
before it gets converted to a digital signal.
The MCU controls the actuators and maintains the
operation of the sensor signal conditioning circuits based
on the condition of the signal detection. In the digital
to analog feedback path, the digital-to-analog converter
(DAC), digital potentiometer and Pulse-Width-Modulator
(PWM) devices are most commonly used. The MOSFET
driver is commonly used for the interface between the
feedback circuit and actuators such as motors and valves.
Microchip offers a large portfolio of devices for signal
chain applications.
3
Signal Chain Design Guide
Many system applications require the measurement of a
physical or electrical condition, or the presence or absence
of a known physical, electrical or chemical quantity. Analog
sensors are typically used to indicate the magnitude or
change in the environmental condition, by reacting to the
condition and generating a change in an electrical property
as a result.
Typical phenomena that are measured are:
■Electrical signal and properties
■Magnetic signal and properties
■Temperature
■Humidity
■Force, weight, torque and pressure
■Motion and vibration
■Flow
■Fluid level and volume
■Light and infrared
■Chemistry/gas
Summary Of Common Physical Conditions and Related Sensor Types
Phenomena Sensor Electrical Output
Magnetic Hall Effect Voltage
Magneto-Resistive Resistance
Temperature
Thermocouple Voltage
RTD Resistance
Thermistor Resistance
IC Voltage
Infrared Current
Humidity Capacitive Capacitance
Infrared Current
Force, Weight, Torque, Pressure
Strain Gauge Resistance/Voltage
Load Cell Resistance
Piezoelectric Voltage or Charge
Mechanical Transducer Resistance, Voltage, Capacitance
Motion and Vibration
LVDT AC Voltage
Piezoelectric Voltage or Charge
Microphone Voltage
Ultrosonic Voltage, Resistive, Current
Accelerometer Voltage
Flow
Magnetic Flowmeter Voltage
Mass Flowmeter Resistance/Voltage
Ultrasound/Doppler Frequency
Hot-wire Anemometer Resistance
Mechanical Transducer (turbine) Voltage
Fluid Level and Volume
Ultrasound Time Delay
Mechanical Transducer Resistance/Voltage
Capacitor Capacitance
Switch On/Off
Thermal Voltage
Touch
Capacitance Voltage
Inductance Current
Resistance Frequency
Proximity
Capacitance Voltage, Frequency
Inductance Current, Frequency
Resistance Voltage, Current
Light Photodiode Current
Chemical
pH Electrode Voltage
Solution Conductivity Resistance/Current
CO Sensor Voltage or Charge
Photodiode (turbidity, colorimeter) Current
Ion Sensor Current
Sensor Overview
There are sensors that respond to these phenomena by
producing the following electrical properties:
■Voltage
■Current
■Resistance
■Capacitance
■Charge
This electrical property is then conditioned by an analog
circuit before being driven to a digital circuit. In this way,
the environmental condition can be “measured” and the
system can make decisions based on the result.
The table below provides an overview of typical
phenomena, the type of sensor commonly used to measure
the phenomena and electrical output of the sensor.
For additional information, please refer to
Application Note AN990.


Product specificaties

Merk: Microchip
Categorie: Niet gecategoriseerd
Model: MCP9804

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